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Technically

Making practical sense of software and AI.

AI
Recent Articles

How do "computer use" agents work?

Why it's surprisingly challenging to let an LLM use a computer for you.

What's Harness Engineering?

If AI models are a commodity, the harness is the thing you want to own.

AI, tractors and the productivity paradox

Where are AI's productivity gains hiding? What kitted out Model Ts can teach us.

AI Reference

Training

Training is the process of creating an AI model and teaching it how to actually do something useful.

Token

A token is the basic unit of a Large Language Model's vocabulary.

Terms

Machine Learning

Machine Learning uses math to predict an output given an input

Training

Training is the process of creating and teaching an ML model how to do something.

All AI →
Analytics
Recent Articles

Databricks is apparently worth $100B. What do they even do?

What we should really be asking is “What does Databricks not do?”

Terms

The Modern Data Stack

The Modern Data Stack™ (MDS) is a new-ish set of tools that data teams are using to collect, transform, explore, and make use of their company’s data.

A/B Testing and Experimentation

Experimentation is one of the ways that companies understand if their product efforts are working, and ipso facto, what they should be spending time on.

Companies
OpenAI

OpenAI

OpenAI is the most popular provider of generative AI models like GPT-4.

Alteryx

Alteryx

Alteryx is a group of tools that helps business teams get insights out of their data, without needing to write any code.

All Analytics →
Databases
Recent Articles

What does Turbopuffer do?

And what's going on in the category formerly known as vector databases?

Why do developers choose different types of databases?

An intro to how companies like Elastic, MongoDB, Snowflake, Confluent and AWS compete.

Terms

Schema

A schema is like the blueprint for a relational database.

Blockchain

A blockchain is just another way to store data, exactly like a database.

Companies
Elastic

Elastic

Elasticsearch is a popular open source database for storing and searching unstructured data.

Algolia

Algolia

Algolia provides a set of tools that helps engineers build search functionality into their apps.

All Databases →
DevOps
Recent Articles

What are code sandboxes?

Why coding agents need a safe place to play, just like we all do.

All about Infrastructure as Code

The deceptively simple text files that help you avoid huge mistakes when shipping software.

What's a Package Manager?

And why are AI labs buying them up?

Terms

Production

Production is the live, ready, tested, public facing version of your app.

Technical Debt

Technical debt is a term developers use to refer to all of the annoying thorns they need to deal with because of past decisions someone made in their codebase and architecture.

Companies
Postman

Postman

Postman is a suite of tools that helps developers build, test, and use internal and external API endpoints.

Sentry

Sentry

Sentry helps developers diagnose and fix issues in their code.

All DevOps →
Security
Terms

Tokenization

Tokenization is one of the ways that backends protect sensitive information, like credit cards or social security numbers.

VPN

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) lets you route your internet access through a specialized server that keeps your sensitive information private.

Companies
Okta

Okta

Okta is an enterprise-focused identity provider: they take care of managing usernames, passwords, and permissions.

Snyk

Snyk

Snyk helps developers make sure that the code they're writing is secure.

All Security →

"Technically has allowed me better bridge the gap between user problems and how our system works under the hood."

— Adelaide Hallowell

Latest
Software Eng for Vibe Coders: On Frontends + Backends

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A new series to help non-engineers build products that can handle going viral.

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Recent

How do "computer use" agents work?Free

Why it's surprisingly challenging to let an LLM use a computer for you.

Tereza TizkovaTereza Tizkova

What is Rust?Free

The fast, safe, super difficult to write programming language that’s finally getting its flowers.

Will RaphaelsonWill Raphaelson

What's Harness Engineering?Free

If AI models are a commodity, the harness is the thing you want to own.

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What does Turbopuffer do?

And what's going on in the category formerly known as vector databases?

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AI ReferenceSee all →

The guide to AI that you've been looking for. Click on any term for an in depth explanation.

Post-TrainingPost-training turns a model from a knowledgeable blob that produces rambling answers, into a helpful assistant.RAGRetrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a way to make LLMs like GPT-4 more accurate and personalized to your specific dataTrainingTraining is the process of creating an AI model and teaching it how to actually do something useful.TransformersTransformers are the neural network architecture that powers modern AI like ChatGPT, revolutionizing how models process language and other sequential data.
What's Rust? Part 1: What is a Programming Language?

What's Rust? Part 1: What is a Programming Language?Free

The fast, safe, super difficult to write programming language that’s finally getting its flowers.

Will RaphaelsonWill Raphaelson
What are code sandboxes?

What are code sandboxes?

Why coding agents need a safe place to play, just like we all do.

Justin GageJustin Gage
How my non-engineering team at Sentry learned to ship

How my non-engineering team at Sentry learned to shipFree

We moved 2,500 pages out of our CMS with Claude Code and Git. 4 months ago, most of us hadn't written code.

Matt HendersonMatt Henderson
All about Infrastructure as Code

All about Infrastructure as CodeFree

The deceptively simple text files that help you avoid huge mistakes when shipping software.

Will RaphaelsonWill Raphaelson
CompaniesSee all →

What their products actually do and why they're so valuable.

DigitalOceanDigitalOcean
DigitalOcean is an independent infrastructure as a service provider; you can think of them as AWS or GCP, but for the people.
OpenAIOpenAI
OpenAI is the most popular provider of generative AI models like GPT-4.
PostmanPostman
Postman is a suite of tools that helps developers build, test, and use internal and external API endpoints.
StripeStripe
Stripe sells payments infrastructure for internet businesses: primarily, they help you bill your customers, process payments, and work with your payment data.
GlossarySee all →

Quick explanations of the concepts you see every day.

MigrationMigrations mean a lot of things in software, but they usually entail some sort of important change.NetworkingNetworking in software engineering refers to connecting two or more different things.Pre-trainingWhen training an LLM, pre-training gives the model all the basic, foundational knowledge it needs to answer your prompts, by showing it lots and lots of examples of existing text from the internet.Rate LimitA rate limit puts a cap on how much, and how fast, you can use a company’s API.

Video

Analyzing all 203 million trades on Kalshi

Analyzing all 203 million trades on Kalshi

Kalshi just raised a new round at an $11B valuation. How much revenue does their prediction market really make?

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Relationships are the moat

Relationships are the moat

What's the forward deployed engineer role, and why is every startup hiring them?

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Contributors

Afzal JasaniAfzal JasaniChristy BieberChristy BieberDavid KrevittDavid KrevittJustin GageJustin GageKenny NingKenny NingMatt HendersonMatt HendersonPaolo PerronePaolo PerronePaul IusztinPaul IusztinSachin BennySachin BennySam SchneiderSam SchneiderSarah Krasnik BedellSarah Krasnik BedellSung Won ChungSung Won ChungTereza TizkovaTereza TizkovaWill RaphaelsonWill Raphaelson

Learning Tracks

Curated collections of foundational articles to guide you through the basics of getting more technical at work.

AI, it's not that complicated ↗

How to understand and work effectively with AI and ML models and products.

  • How do Large Language Models work?

    Breaking down what ChatGPT and others are doing under the hood

  • What's RLHF?

    How AI models learned to stop being weird and start being helpful.

  • What's GPT-3?

    GPT-3 is a Machine Learning model that generates text.

  • What’s a data science notebook?

    Data Science Notebooks help data teams explore data with code.

Analyzing Software Companies ↗

The products and business models of leading software companies.

  • Databricks is apparently worth $100B. What do they even do?

    What we should really be asking is “What does Databricks not do?”

  • What does Snowflake do?

    Snowflake sells a powerful cloud data warehouse for analytics and data science teams.

  • What does OpenAI do?

    OpenAI is the most popular provider of generative AI models like GPT-4.

  • What does dbt do?

    dbt (no capitals) is a tool for transforming and organizing data in your warehouse.

Building Software Products ↗

How to make positive contributions to your product roadmap.

  • The top 5 things PMs should know about engineering

    Engineering and code basics that can make you a better PM to work with.

  • What's code?

    Code is step by step directions, but for computers.

  • What's the internet?

    A network of computers all connected to each other and sharing information.

  • What's cloud?

    Cloud is how companies rent infrastructure over the internet.

From Spreadsheets to Databases ↗

You've outgrown Excel, but you've got to put that data somewhere besides your parents basement.

  • The Beginner's Guide to Databases

    There are 300+ databases; what do they all do?

  • SQL for the rest of us

    If you’re not a data scientist but you have questions, you want to know SQL.

  • The Excel User's Guide to Databases: Schemas

    Why that schema change is going to take your engineers two weeks.

  • The Excel User's Guide to Databases: Migrations

    Why your feature is held up by a migration and why this is actually good.

How AI Models Actually Work ↗

How do these things actual work under the hood? What does it mean to train one? Is it more like going to the gym, studying for a test, or sleeping?

  • What is Machine Learning?

    How computers learn patterns from data — and why it’s the foundation for everything from stock prediction to ChatGPT.

  • How do Large Language Models work?

    Breaking down what ChatGPT and others are doing under the hood

  • How do you train an AI model?

    A deep dive into how models like ChatGPT get built.

  • The beginner’s guide to AI model architectures

    Unlike an onion, hopefully these neural network layers won't make you cry.

Working With Data Teams ↗

How to make positive contributions when working with analytics and data science teams.

  • How do product analytics work?

    Product analytics is how teams instrument and analyze data about their product usage.

  • What your data team is using: the analytics stack

    A deep dive into all of the tools that data teams use to do their work.

  • SQL for the rest of us

    If you’re not a data scientist but you have questions, you want to know SQL.

  • What's the Modern Data Stack?

    The new set of tools data teams use to get their jobs done.

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— RB

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