Technically
AI Reference
Your dictionary for AI terms like LLM and RLHF
Company Breakdowns
What technical products actually do and why the companies that make them are valuable
Learning Tracks
In-depth, networked guides to learning specific concepts
Posts Archive
All Technically posts on software concepts since the dawn of time
Terms Universe
The dictionary of software terms you've always wanted

Explore learning tracks

AI, it's not that ComplicatedAnalyzing Software CompaniesBuilding Software ProductsWorking with Data Teams
Loading...
I'm feeling luckyPricing
Log In

"Subscribed for quick summaries of topics. Saves time. Googling and Youtube and collating info isn't convenient."

— RB

Technically

Making practical sense of software and AI.

AI
Recent Articles

What’s an inference provider?

How the rise of open source AI models is fueling the growth of a new infrastructure category.

I Let Claude Code Autonomously Run Ads for a Month

Applying the Ralph Wiggum loop to things other than writing code.

How AI content detectors work

Learn how AI detectors work

AI Reference

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF)

RLHF is the final training step that turns a knowledgeable but rambling AI into the helpful assistant you know and love.

Token

A token is the basic unit of a Large Language Model's vocabulary.

Terms

LLM

Large Language Models take in a prompt and generate text.

Post-training

LLM post-training turns a model from a knowledgeable blob that produces rambling answers, into a helpful assistant.

All AI →
Analytics
Recent Articles

Databricks is apparently worth $100B. What do they even do?

What we should really be asking is “What does Databricks not do?”

What does Alteryx do?

Alteryx is a group of tools that helps business teams get insights out of their data, without needing to write any code.

What's a Data Migration?

Data migration is about transferring information (data) from one place to another.

Terms

Data lake

A Data Lake is an unstructured place to put data. It’s usually meant for long term storage and infrequent querying.

A/B Testing and Experimentation

Experimentation is one of the ways that companies understand if their product efforts are working, and ipso facto, what they should be spending time on.

Companies
Segment

Segment

Segment helps teams track their product and marketing data and send it to whichever tools it needs to go to.

dbt Labs

dbt Labs

dbt (no capitals) is a tool for transforming and organizing data in your warehouse.

All Analytics →
Databases
Recent Articles

Why do developers choose different types of databases?

An intro to how companies like Elastic, MongoDB, Snowflake, Confluent and AWS compete.

Terms

Metadata

Metadata is data about data (🤯).

Blockchain

A blockchain is just another way to store data, exactly like a database.

Companies
MongoDB

MongoDB

MongoDB is a highly popular unstructured, NoSQL document database for powering your applications.

Confluent

Confluent

Apache Kafka is a framework for streaming real time data, and Confluent offers Kafka as a managed service.

All Databases →
DevOps
Recent Articles

A Beginner’s Guide to Bring Your Own Cloud

The profitable but challenging deployment model sweeping the nation.

What's documentation?

How companies like Stripe win by writing better product docs, and where platforms like GitBook can help.

Developers hate this one thing (all about code reviews)

A deep dive into why code reviews take so long, how AI tools like CodeRabbit are speeding them up, and what great teams do to ensure clean code.

Terms

Server

Server is a catch all term for any sort of application backend.

Version control

Version control lets you track and manage changes to your code in a more sophisticated way than you’re used to.

Companies
Postman

Postman

Postman is a suite of tools that helps developers build, test, and use internal and external API endpoints.

Splunk

Splunk

Splunk is a tool for storing and searching logs, specifically focused on security.

All DevOps →
Security
Terms

VPN

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) lets you route your internet access through a specialized server that keeps your sensitive information private.

Tokenization

Tokenization is one of the ways that backends protect sensitive information, like credit cards or social security numbers.

Companies
Snyk

Snyk

Snyk helps developers make sure that the code they're writing is secure.

Okta

Okta

Okta is an enterprise-focused identity provider: they take care of managing usernames, passwords, and permissions.

All Security →

"Technically has allowed me better bridge the gap between user problems and how our system works under the hood."

— Adelaide Hallowell

Latest
AI, tractors and the productivity paradox

AI, tractors and the productivity paradox

Where are AI's productivity gains hiding? What kitted out Model Ts can teach us.

Sachin BennySachin Benny

Recent

When not to vibe codeFree

Should I ship something myself, or call in engineering help?

Sarah Krasnik BedellSarah Krasnik Bedell

What’s an inference provider?

How the rise of open source AI models is fueling the growth of a new infrastructure category.

Will RaphaelsonWill Raphaelson

I Let Claude Code Autonomously Run Ads for a MonthFree

Applying the Ralph Wiggum loop to things other than writing code.

A Beginner’s Guide to Bring Your Own Cloud

The profitable but challenging deployment model sweeping the nation.

Will RaphaelsonWill Raphaelson
AI ReferenceSee all →

The guide to AI that you've been looking for. Click on any term for an in depth explanation.

InferenceInference is a fancy term that just means using an ML model that has already been trained.Loss FunctionA loss function is something you design that tells the model when its answers are right and when they're wrong.Post-TrainingPost-training turns a model from a knowledgeable blob that produces rambling answers, into a helpful assistant.ReasoningAI reasoning is how artificial intelligence systems solve problems, think through complex situations, and draw conclusions from available information.
How AI content detectors work

How AI content detectors workFree

Learn how AI detectors work

Christy BieberChristy Bieber
What are prediction markets?

What are prediction markets?Free

What are prediction markets and how much revenue is Kalshi really making?

Sam SchneiderSam Schneider
What's a Forward Deployed Engineer?

What's a Forward Deployed Engineer?Free

And why is every startup around following the Palantir model?

Sung Won ChungSung Won Chung
What's a datacenter?

What's a datacenter?

What actually goes on inside the buildings propping up the US economy.

Will RaphaelsonWill Raphaelson
CompaniesSee all →

What their products actually do and why they're so valuable.

DatabricksDatabricks
Databricks sells a data science and analytics platform built on top of an open source package called Apache Spark.
ElasticElastic
Elasticsearch is a popular open source database for storing and searching unstructured data.
SentrySentry
Sentry helps developers diagnose and fix issues in their code.
SnowflakeSnowflake
Snowflake sells a powerful cloud data warehouse for analytics and data science teams.
GlossarySee all →

Quick explanations of the concepts you see every day.

IntegrationIntegrations are how two pieces of software talk to each other and share dataMergingMerging means integrating your code changes into a branch. When a developer is satisfied with some code they've written, they'll merge it into whatever the current working branch is.MicroservicesMicroservices (all hype aside) are a way of building your application as a series of small, interacting services instead of one giant bundle of code.ReactReact is a philosophy and framework for building interactive web (and native) applications that are built on reusable components.

Video

Analyzing all 203 million trades on Kalshi

Analyzing all 203 million trades on Kalshi

Kalshi just raised a new round at an $11B valuation. How much revenue does their prediction market really make?

Sam SchneiderSam Schneider
Relationships are the moat

Relationships are the moat

What's the forward deployed engineer role, and why is every startup hiring them?

Sung Won ChungSung Won Chung
Technically on YouTube →

Contributors

Christy BieberChristy BieberJustin GageJustin GageKenny NingKenny NingSachin BennySachin BennySam SchneiderSam SchneiderSarah Krasnik BedellSarah Krasnik BedellSung Won ChungSung Won ChungWill RaphaelsonWill Raphaelson

Learning Tracks

Curated collections of foundational articles to guide you through the basics of getting more technical at work.

AI, it's not that complicated ↗

How to understand and work effectively with AI and ML models and products.

  • How do Large Language Models work?

    Breaking down what ChatGPT and others are doing under the hood

  • What's RLHF?

    How AI models learned to stop being weird and start being helpful.

  • What's GPT-3?

    GPT-3 is a Machine Learning model that generates text.

  • What’s a data science notebook?

    Data Science Notebooks help data teams explore data with code.

Analyzing Software Companies ↗

The products and business models of leading software companies.

  • Databricks is apparently worth $100B. What do they even do?

    What we should really be asking is “What does Databricks not do?”

  • What does Snowflake do?

    Snowflake sells a powerful cloud data warehouse for analytics and data science teams.

  • What does OpenAI do?

    OpenAI is the most popular provider of generative AI models like GPT-4.

  • What does dbt do?

    dbt (no capitals) is a tool for transforming and organizing data in your warehouse.

Building Software Products ↗

How to make positive contributions to your product roadmap.

  • The top 5 things PMs should know about engineering

    Engineering and code basics that can make you a better PM to work with.

  • What's code?

    Code is step by step directions, but for computers.

  • What's the internet?

    A network of computers all connected to each other and sharing information.

  • What's cloud?

    Cloud is how companies rent infrastructure over the internet.

From Spreadsheets to Databases ↗

You've outgrown Excel, but you've got to put that data somewhere besides your parents basement.

  • The Beginner's Guide to Databases

    There are 300+ databases; what do they all do?

  • SQL for the rest of us

    If you’re not a data scientist but you have questions, you want to know SQL.

  • The Excel User's Guide to Databases: Schemas

    Why that schema change is going to take your engineers two weeks.

  • The Excel User's Guide to Databases: Migrations

    Why your feature is held up by a migration and why this is actually good.

How AI Models Actually Work ↗

How do these things actual work under the hood? What does it mean to train one? Is it more like going to the gym, studying for a test, or sleeping?

  • What is Machine Learning?

    How computers learn patterns from data: the foundation for everything from stock price prediction to ChatGPT.

  • How do Large Language Models work?

    Breaking down what ChatGPT and others are doing under the hood

  • How do you train an AI model?

    A deep dive into how models like ChatGPT get built.

  • The beginner’s guide to AI model architectures

    Unlike an onion, hopefully these neural network layers won't make you cry.

Working With Data Teams ↗

How to make positive contributions when working with analytics and data science teams.

  • How do product analytics work?

    Product analytics is how teams instrument and analyze data about their product usage.

  • What your data team is using: the analytics stack

    A deep dive into all of the tools that data teams use to do their work.

  • SQL for the rest of us

    If you’re not a data scientist but you have questions, you want to know SQL.

  • What's the Modern Data Stack?

    The new set of tools data teams use to get their jobs done.

Impress your agents

70K+ PMs, engineers, investors, and operators read Technically to expand their prompting vocabulary.

Subscribe...or just explore

"Your breakdowns of technical topics are the best I've seen on the internet, and oddly fun to read."

— Kevin Sullivan

"Subscribed for quick summaries of topics. Saves time. Googling and Youtube and collating info isn't convenient."

— RB

"I'm a Product Manager working for a highly technical product so really appreciate you trying to break things down for us :)"

— Kash

"I'm a PM and Technically has allowed me better bridge the gap between user problems and how our system works under the hood. It's given me more confidence to push back or participate."

— Adelaide Hallowell

Content
  • All Posts
  • Learning Tracks
  • AI Reference
  • Companies
  • Terms Universe
Company
  • Pricing
  • Sponsorships
  • Contribute
  • Contact
Connect
SubscribeSubstackYouTubeXLinkedIn
Legal
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service

© 2026 Technically.